TMJ & Jaw Conditions

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the hinge-like joint located just in front of each ear, where the lower jaw connects to the skull. You have one on each side, and both must work in coordination to allow you to open and close your mouth, chew, and speak.

When problems develop with the joint itself, the disc within the joint, or the surrounding muscles, they are collectively described as temporomandibular disorders (TMD). TMD is quite common and can range from occasional mild discomfort to persistent symptoms that affect daily function.

The causes of TMD are often multifactorial, meaning multiple contributing factors are typically involved rather than a single identifiable cause. Management is therefore individualized, based on a careful assessment of each patient's symptoms, history, and findings on examination.

Symptoms associated with TMD can vary considerably from person to person, and some may seem unrelated to the jaw at first. They include:

• Jaw pain or soreness, particularly in the morning or after eating
• Clicking, popping, or grating sounds when opening or closing the mouth
• Limited mouth opening, or the jaw locking open or closed
• Headaches, particularly around the temples or at the base of the skull
• Earaches or a feeling of fullness in the ears
• Facial muscle tension or fatigue
• Neck and shoulder tension
• Worn or sensitive teeth from clenching or grinding (bruxism)